Industrial Tanks

Tanks are an important part of the industrial world because they are not only a means of storage. But tanks are also very necessary in the production process of raw materials so that the products produced can be stored and maintained from contaminants and the quality of the products produced can be more optimal.

In determining the tank used for industrial purposes, we must adjust to the needs of the raw materials that will be accommodated. Especially on the constituent material and pressure design because these two things greatly affect the durability and life of the tank.

What are the types of tanks?

Based on the substances stored / in the reservoir, it is divided into several types including:

1. Solid Substance Storage

Equipment Solid substance storage equipment, one of which is Storage piles which are used to store in piles in open or closed places

Apart from storage piles, there are storage types of Bin, Silo, and Hopper whose containers use fuel materials and strong lids. 

The differences based on size and diameter are:

- Bins are usually small

- Silo has a wide and high diameter

- Hopper has a tube design that has a tapered shape at the bottom and placement of flavoring substances on top.

Apart from that, they are both used to store solid substances that can be affected by the weather, quickly damaged by air, can dissolve in water or other harmful substances.

2. Fluid storage equipment (liquid and gas)

This fluid storage device is usually in the form of a storage tank that is used to store oil products, fluids (something that flows) before being distributed.

Based on the pressure, the storage tank is divided into 2:

A. Atmospheric Tank

This tank is designed to store fluids with low vapor pressure, usually made of plastic polyethylene (HDPE), carbon steel, to alloy steel. Atmospheric tanks have several types including:

• Fixed cone roof tank

~ As a place to store various types of fluids with low vapor pressure / non-volatile

• Horizontal

~chemicals that have low volatility (low volatility). Like drinking water whose vapor pressure is no more than 5 psi.

• Hemispheroid tanks

~ there are at least two types 

- The type of tank used to store fluid (oil) whose vapor pressure (RVP) is slightly below 5 psi is usually called plain Hemispheroid.

- The type of tank used to store fluid (light naptha pentane) which has a vapor pressure of not more than 5 psi is usually called the Noded Hemispheroid type.

B. Pressure Tanks

Pressure tanks can be used to store fluids with a vapor pressure of more than 11.1 psi. usually used to store products such as petroleum.

There are several types of pressure tanks including:

• Bullet tank

As a horizontal pressure vessel with a maximum volume of 2000 barrels. Serves to store LPG, Propane, butane, H2, and Ammonia which have a pressure above 15psig.

• Ball tank (spherical tank)

Used to store liquefied gases such as LPG, O2, N2 up to a vapor pressure of 75 psi. The tank wall is made double and between the two tank walls is filled with insulation such as polyurethane foam, the storage pressure is above 15 psig.

• Dome Roof tank

Like gasoline this tank is used to store flammable chemicals and has a low vapor pressure of 0.5 to 15 psig.

The following discussion of articles about industrial tanks may be useful